Yeo et al. use digital data on student behaviour (Wi-Fi connections and Learning Management System logins) to examine associations between sleep and academic outcomes.
Reference
Sing Chen Yeo, Clin K. Y. Lai, Jacinda Tan, Samantha Lim, Yuvan Chandramoghan, Teck Kiang Tan & Joshua J. Gooley https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-023-01531-x