C H Wee Medal and Prize
First donated in 1998 by Dr. Wee Chow Hou, former Dean of the School of Business, from the fees paid to him for his speaking assignments and consulting work with business corporations, two gold medals and cash prizes are available for award to graduates in the NUS Business School. The award of the gold medals and cash prizes from the capital sum of $25,625.18 is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, the two medals and cash prizes will be awarded as follows:
- One to the best graduate in the examination for the NUS Executive MBA (Chinese) Programme; and
- One to the best contributor in class discussion voted by classmates for the UCLA-NUS Executive MBA Programme.
- The cash prize quantum will be subjected to the availability of the distributable return from the endowed fund and cost of the medals.
- The medals and cash prizes will be awarded by the Board of Graduate Studies or its nominee.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
CBRE Medal and Prize
A gold medal and cash prize (S$1,250) will be awarded in each academic year. The award will be given out from AY2010/2011.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- One medal and prize to be awarded to an undergraduate completing the final year of studies in the Department of Real Estate.
- Student who has obtained (a) the highest mark in RE3801 Real Estate Market Analysis (to be replaced by “RE2101 Real Estate Market Analysis” when the old syllabus is phased out); and (b) at least a Second Class Honours (Upper Division) for the degree of Bachelor of Science (Real Estate). Due to changes in the BSc (Real Estate) in AY2017/2018, this rule was revised to “One medal and prize to be awarded to the best student in the course RE3703 Advanced Real Estate Economics and at least an Honours (Distinction) for BSc (Real Estate), effective from Class 2021 (Cohort of 2017)”.
- The medal will be awarded by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the relevant Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulations.
Cameron Medal and Prize
Cameron awards annually the Cameron Medal and Prize to recognise the best graduating students from Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical Engineering) with specialisation in Offshore Oil & Gas Technology (Subsea Track). Each candidate shall be presented with a gold medal and cash prize of $1,500.
Award candidate is selected in the following manner:
- The Faculty/School/Department (as defined in Clauses 2 and 3, NUS Statute 3) can select a candidate from the graduating cohort, who is an outstanding Mechanical Engineering student specialised in Offshore Oil & Gas Technology (Subsea Track). This will determined by a panel consisting of at least 3 facility members from the Department. The panel will consider the GPA of the student, the grade point average for sub-sea courses, the grade point average for engineering courses, the character of the student and interest in the Subsea industry.
- The Department with the concurrence of the Board of Examiners (BoE) shall select the candidates from the graduating cohort based on grade point average (GPA).
- The awards will be endorsed by the Board of Undergraduate Studies (BUS) on the recommendation of the Selection Committee (BoE) of the Faculty and Department.
- No award shall be made if there is no candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically NUS Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
CapitaLand Medal and Prize
With effect from AY2013/2014, a gold medal and cash prize of $1,250 will be awarded annually to one graduating student in the Bachelor of Science (Real Estate) programme.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject of rule 3 below, one medal and prize will be awarded to an undergraduate who has completed the final year of studies in the Department of Real Estate, and obtained (a) the highest mark in RE4807 Real Estate Risk Analysis and Management, and (b) at least an Honours (Distinction) for the degree of Bachelor of Science (Real Estate).
- The medal will be awarded by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the relevant Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulations.
Chalmers Medal
First presented in 1958 by the Malayan Pharmaceutical Association and subsequently in 1967 by the Pharmaceutical Society of Singapore in memory of the late Mr J. M. Chalmers, M.P.S., the criteria for the award were revised in 2002 with the conversion of the BSc (Pharmacy) degree course to a four-year programme.
- Subject to rule 3, the silver medal will be awarded annually to the student who has achieved outstanding academic results throughout the course of study for the degree of B.Sc.(Pharm) and graduated with a first class honours degree, in addition to having demonstrated leadership qualities as an undergraduate (as determined by the Department).
- The medal will be awarded by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Chan Ah Kow Sports Excellence Prize
The Chan Ah Kow Scholarship was established in 1998 by the Alumni Association at NUS Medicine. In 2021, the scholarship was changed to the Chan Ah Kow Sports Excellence Prize.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, a cash prize of $5,000, will be awarded to an undergraduate medical student who has completed year 1, displayed academic excellence and demonstrated their sporting excellence by representing the university or Singapore in a sports competition.
- The prize will be made by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the adjudicating panel comprising the Assistant Dean (Student Affair) and/or designate, Assistant Dean (Global Health) and/or designate and representatives from Awards & Appreciation Night Committee.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Chan Mui Hiang and Png Poh Seng Prize
Donated in 2003 by Professor Ivan Png an expendable sum of $15,000 to establish the Png Poh Seng Prize for the best graduate student in History in honour of his father, Dr Png Poh Seng, a former member of the Department. A prize, valued at $750, was awarded annually.
In 2023, Dr Png Poh Seng donated an expendable sum of $15,000 to the prize and proposed the prize be renamed the “Chan Mui Hiang and Png Poh Seng Prize.” The prize of $1,000 will be awarded annually.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, it will be given to the graduate student in History with the best average grade for all courses taken in the academic year.
- Student must have read at least 3 courses in the academic year.
- The prize will be awarded by the Board of Graduate Studies or its nominee.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- The prize will be awarded in cash and shall continue until such time as the funds have been expended.
- In the event of more than one candidate of equal merit for the award, the Graduate Committee and the Head of Department will take into account their overall performance throughout their programme of study leading to the degree.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Chemical Engineering Class of '87 Prize
Donated in 1998 by the Chemical Engineering Class of 1987, two cash and book prizes are awarded from the proceeds of a capital sum of $21,200. In 2004, it was decided that this be changed to a cash award for a Chemical Engineering Year 4 student. The prize will be awarded annually as follows:
- Subject to rule 3 below a cash prize, valued at $800, is awarded to a graduating Chemical Engineering student, with at least a Second Upper Class Honours, who has shown the greatest improvement in his academic performance in the examinations throughout his course of study.
- The prize is awarded by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Chemical Process Safety Prize
In 1975 Bridgestone Singapore Pte. Ltd. donated to the University a sum of monies for awarding scholarships to students reading the Chemical Engineering course. The remaining sum, amounting to $15,877.34 in 2001, was endowed as capital sum for the award of a book prize. Bridgestone Singapore Pte. Ltd. wound up in 1980.
In 2006, the ‘Chemical Plant Safety Book Prize' was renamed ‘Chemical Process Safety Prize' and is open to students who read a core course having extensive coverage of chemical process safety, for the degree of B.Eng. (Chemical Engineering).
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, a cash prize of $250 will be awarded to a top student (or students if there are more than one student with the same marks) who had obtained at least an ‘A' grade in a chemical process safety core module which is determined by the Head of Department. Further, the eligible candidate should have a GPA of at least 4.0 at the end of the semester in which the award is to be given out. If this course is offered in both semesters of the academic year, one or more candidates meeting these criteria will be selected for this prize in each semester.
- The prize will be awarded by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the relevant Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- In the event of there being more than one candidate of equal merit (for a particular semester), the Board of Examiners will take into consideration the performance of the candidates throughout the course of study to choose the most deserving candidate.
Cheng Moh Loi Prize
In July 2022, Mr Goh Kok Wee (FASS Alumnus, Class of 1994, Southeast Asian Studies major) made an expendable gift of S$15,000 to establish the Cheng Moh Loi Prize. The prize will be given out annually starting from AY2022/23 to recognise academic excellence amongst students in Southeast Asian Studies.
Subject to rule 3 below, the prize will be awarded as follows:
- A cash prize, valued at S$1,000, will be awarded to the Best Honours Thesis in Southeast Asian Studies with the highest numerical grade. In addition, the student must have obtained a minimum grade of A- in the thesis.
- In the event of there being more than one candidate of equal merit for the award, the prize will be shared equally.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- The prize will be awarded by the Board of Undergraduate Studies or its nominee.
- The gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Chettiars' Temple Medal
Donated in 2002 by the Chettiars' Temple, a gold medal is awarded from the proceeds of the capital sum of $30,000. The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, the medal will be awarded to an outstanding student in the Business Administration 3 examination.
- The medal will be awarded by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the relevant Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Chia Boon Lock Cardiology Medal and Prize
In 2020, the Chia Boon Lock Cardiology Medal and Prize was established to honour the late Emeritus Professor Chia Boon Lock, who is regarded as Singapore’s “Father of Cardiology” for his pioneering work in this field. This award is donated by friends, staff, students and family members of Prof Chia.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, a gold medal and a cash prize of $750, will be awarded to any undergraduate medical student with the best-written report on a research project in the field of Cardiology. The author of the report should be a collaborator in the research project.
- The award will be made by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the adjudicating panel comprising the Heads of Division of Cardiology and Department of Medicine, and Undergraduate Medical Education Director for Medicine.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Chief Justice Prize
Donated in 1999 by the Honourable Chief Justice Yong Pung How, a cash prize is awarded to
deserving graduating students from the Bachelor of Laws and Juris Doctor Programme.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 4 below, a cash prize valued at S$800 each (subject to the distributable return from the endowed sum) will be awarded to the best graduating student who has attained:
- a Bachelor of Laws (First Class Honours) in the Bachelor of Laws Programme; and
- a Juris Doctor (Highest Distinction) in Juris Doctor Programme
- In assessing students for the award of the Chief Justice Prize, the Board of Examiners will be entitled to consider not only their examination performance, but also their performance in class and extra-curricular activities.
- If there is more than one candidate of equal merit for the award, the Board may, subject to funds being available, distribute the award in such manner as it deems fit.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Chin Min Hong, Lucas Benedict Prize
Donated in 1997 by Madam Margaret Ong Shai Chin in memory of her son, Chin Min Hong, Lucas Benedict, a cash prize is awarded from the proceeds of a capital sum of $15,000. The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, a cash prize will be awarded to the fourth year medical student with the best performance in acute care postings.
- The prize will be awarded by the Senate on the recommendation of the relevant Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- The value of the cash prize will be determined annually.
Chua Joon Eng Medal and Prize
The Chua Joon Eng Medal and Prize are awarded from the proceeds of a capital sum of S$24,505.79 donated by staff members in recognition of Mr. Chua Joon Eng's services and contribution to the Faculty of Business Administration and the Graduate School of Business. Mr. Chua, a pioneer staff member of the Faculty of Business Administration, was instrumental in initiating the executive development programmes of the Graduate School. The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, the medal and cash prize will be awarded to the best graduate in the examination for the Master of Business Administration programme (conducted in English) for senior executives.
- The cash prize quantum will be subjected to the availability of the distributable return from the endowed fund and cost of the medal.
- The medal and cash prize will be awarded by the Board of Graduate Studies or its nominee.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gift to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Chua Toh Hua Memorial Gold Medal
Donated in 1998 by Professor & Mrs Chua Nam Hai in memory of Professor Chua's late grandfather, Mr Chua Toh Hua, a gold medal is awarded from the proceeds of a capital sum of $15,000. The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 4 below, the medal will be awarded to the Doctor of Philosophy graduate with the most outstanding research work done in Life Sciences. The Heads of Departments and the Directors of the Institutes concerned will nominate candidates for this purpose.
- A Prize/Awards Committee comprising nominees from the different Faculties/Schools will select a student who meets the eligibility criteria of the award winner.
- The award will be awarded by the Board of Graduate Studies or its nominee.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- If no award is made in any year, the money available may be used to make more than one award in a subsequent year if there are candidates of sufficient merit.
Citadel|Citadel Securities Excellence in Computer Science Prize
In March 2022, Citadel Enterprise (Singapore) Private Limited donated an expendable gift of $15,000 to the School of Computing to establish the Citadel|Citadel Securities Excellence in Computer Science Prize.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, a cash prize of $5,000 will be given annually to the top Year 2 undergraduate student from Computer Science who are under the following programmes at the NUS School of Computing:
- University Scholars Programme (USP); or
- Turing Programme; or
- Double Major in Mathematics and Computer Science.
- The award will be made by the respective Board of Undergraduate Studies (BUS) or its nominee.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- There are no restrictions on the nationalities of the selected students.
- The award will be given out over a period of 3 years.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Clinical Skills Medal and Prize
Donated in 1997 and 1998 by Prof Chan Heng Leong and Mrs Choo Kok Leong (Mdm Loke Yuen Theng), a medal and cash prize will be awarded from an expendable sum of S$15,000.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, a gold medal and cash prize of $1,000 will be given to the best student in the Multi-Station Examination in the Second Professional Examination for the degrees of M.B.,B.S.
- The award will be made by the Board of Undergraduate Studies or its nominee.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- If no award is made in any year, the unutilised amount will be added to the fund.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Colgate Scientific Medal & Prize
In 2010, Colgate Palmolive (Eastern) Pte Ltd made an endowed gift of $75,000 to the Faculty of Dentistry. The proceeds from the capital sum will be used for the awarding of a gold medal and cash prize of $1,000. The objective of this award is to provide recognition and encouragement to the best student with distinction in Microbiology in the Second Professional B.D.S. Examination. The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, a gold medal and cash prize valued at $1,000 will be given to the best student distinction in Microbiology in the Second Professional B.D.S. Examination.
In the event that no student is eligible, a cash prize of $100 may be awarded to the student who obtains the highest mark and an ‘A' grade for the subject.
- The award will be made by the Board of Undergraduate Studies, on the recommendation of the Faculty's Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statute and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
College of Family Physicians Gold Medal
Donated in 1998 by the College of Family Physicians Singapore, a gold medal is awarded from the proceeds of a capital sum of $15,000. The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, the gold medal is awarded annually to the best student who has attained a distinction in the Master of Medicine (Family Medicine) Examinations.
- The award will be made by the Board of Graduate Studies on the recommendation of the Director, Graduate School of Medicine Studies.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
College of Family Physicians Singapore Family Medicine Prize
Donated in 2012 by the College of Family Physicians Singapore, a cash prize will be awarded each year from a sum of S$15,000. The award is open to all Phase III (Year 3) medical students of YLLSoM and governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, a cash prize of S$1,000 will be awarded to the best undergraduate student in Family Medicine.
- Three students who scored the highest in the continual assessments of the Family Medicine Posting will be invited for an interview. A selection committee consisting of 3 doctors from Division of Family Medicine, YLLSoM, will select the winner among these nominees.
- The award will be made by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the relevant Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
College of Family Physicians Singapore Prize in Family Medicine
In October 2012, the College of Family Physicians Singapore (CFPS) has pledged an expendable gift of S$15,000 to Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School to establish the College of Family Physicians Singapore Prize in Family Medicine. The award will be given out annually with effect from AY 2012/2013.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 2 below, a cash prize of S$1,000 and a certificate, will be awarded annually to a graduating MD student who best exemplifies the core values of Family Medicine.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- The winner will be decided by the Duke-NUS Awards Selection Committee on the recommendation of the College of Family Physicians Singapore Awards Selection Panel. The College of Family Physicians Singapore will formulate the judging criteria.
- If no award is made in any year, the funds available will be carried forward to provide for awards in subsequent years.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulations.
College of Physicians Internal Medicine Prize
In 2020, the College of Physicians, Singapore made an expendable gift of $15,000 to NUS Medicine to establish the College of Physicians Internal Medicine Prize.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 4 below, a cash prize of $1,000 will be given to an undergraduate medical student who scored the highest in the continual assessments for final-year Medicine posting and is in the top 5% in the Internal Medicine examination.
- Only a single winner can be chosen, there can be no tie.
- The prize will be awarded by the Board of Undergraduate Studies or its nominees.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- If no award is made in any year, the unutilised amount will be added to the fund.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
College of Physicians Prize in Internal Medicine
In January 2020, president of College of Physicians Singapore, Dr David Lye Chien Boon, has offered S$15,000 expendable prize to Duke-NUS Medical School to establish the College of Physicians Prize in
Internal Medicine award.
The award is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to condition 2 below, a cash prize of S$1,000 and a certificate will be awarded annually to a graduating Doctor of Medicine (MD) student who best exemplifies the core values of Internal Medicine and has demonstrated excellent performance in the final year Advanced Medicine and Student-In-Practice (Medicine).
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- Only a single winner can be chosen; there can be no tie.
- The winner will be decided by the Duke-NUS Student Awards Selection Committee.
- If no award is made in any year, the funds available will be carried forward to provide for awards in subsequent years.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
College of Surgeons Medal
In 1991, the Council of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore donated a capital sum of $15,000 to the University to establish "The Chapter of Surgeons Gold Medal". This donation was made from proceeds of the 23rd Annual Combined Surgical Meeting, which was organized by the Chapter of Surgeons of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore.
On 17 August 2004, the Chapter of Surgeons was dissolved and the College of Surgeons was set up. In 2005, upon the proposal of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, the gold medal was renamed College of Surgeons Medal.
The award will be governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to there being a candidate of sufficient merit, the medal will be awarded annually to the most outstanding candidate in the Examination leading to the degree of Master of Medicine (Surgery).
- The award will be made by the Board of Graduate Studies on the recommendation of the Board of Examiners.
- This gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulation.
Colliers Medal and Prize
- One medal and prize to be awarded to an undergraduate who has completed the final year of studies in the Department of Real Estate and has achieved the highest average mark in the following Real Estate courses:
- RE2802 Real Estate Economics (To be replaced by “RE2102 Real Estate Economics” when the old syllabus is phased out)
- RE2803 Principles of Valuation (To be replaced by “RE1104” Principles of Real Estate Valuation” when the old syllabus is phased out)
- RE2804 Real Estate Finance (To be replaced by “RE2104 Real Estate Finance” when the old syllabus is phased out)
- RE2805 Real Estate Marketing and Negotiations (To be replaced by “RE2106” Real Estate Marketing and Negotiation” when the old syllabus is phased out)
The student must also obtain a minimum grade of B+ in each of the above-mentioned courses.
Due to changes in the BSc (Real Estate) in AY2017/2018, this rule was revised to “One medal and prize to be awarded to the best student who obtained the highest average mark and a minimum grade of B+ for:
- RE2704 Introduction to Real Estate Valuation
- RE2705 Urban Economics
- RE2706 Real Estate Finance
- RE3704 Real Estate Marketing,
This updated rule took effect from Class 2021 (Cohort of 2017)”.
- The medal will be awarded by the Board of Undergraduate Studies on the recommendation of the relevant Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.
- The gift shall be governed by the University Statutes and Regulations, specifically, Statute 7 on Gifts to the University and the corresponding Regulations.
Continental Steel Gold Medals & Prizes
Continental Steel Pte Ltd donated $100,000 to the Structural Steel Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, to be kept as a programme fund to top-up research scholarships for graduate students. Part of the 80% of the proceeds from the Government's first matching dollar of $100,000, placed in the Faculty of Engineering Endowment Account, will be used for the award of two medals and cash prizes. The award of the medals and cash prizes is governed by the following conditions:
- Subject to rule 3 below, the gold medals and cash prizes will be awarded to:
- the best Master of Science (Civil Engineering) graduate in Structural Steel Design and Structural Steel related courses to be determined by the Head of the Department of Civil Engineering; and
- the best Bachelor of Engineering (Civil) graduate in Structural Steel Design and Structural Steel related modules to be determined by the Head of the Department of Civil Engineering.
- The award will be made by the respective Board of Undergraduate or Graduate Studies on the recommendation of the relevant Board of Examiners.
- No award will be made unless there is a candidate of sufficient merit.